Automatic pistol.



A. GUOUURULLO.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLICATION IILBD JUNE 9, 1910.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911;

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' i? iw A.- GUGGURULLO.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED 111111: 9, 1910.

Batented Apr. 25, 1911. I

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A; GUGGURULLO AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

urmouxon Hum Inn s, 1910.

Patented Apr. 25, 1911.

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- Y ED STATES ansssa'nnno cuccunnnno. or Baum, ITALY.

. AUTOMATIC rrsron.

Specification of Letters Patent: I Pa tnted A 25 1911 Application filed June 9, 1910. Serial No. 585,978.

To all whom it may concern: I Be it known that I, ALESSANDRO Gucci? RULLO, a subject of the King of Italy, and resident. of Parma, Italy, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Pistols, of which the following is a specification. V

This invention relates to automatic pistols in which the firing pin normally remains uncocked, and in a position of safety,- whereas the pistol is always ready to be fired, the firin' pin being cocked when pressure is exerte on the trigger.

In the annexed drawing, Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a complete pistol;

Fig. 2 shows the breech-block in the posi 'tion it assumes u on its recoil; Fig. 3 shows the mechanism or cocking the firin pin; Fig. 4 is a rear view of the breech rame; Fig. 5 shows in detailone lateral wall of the body with the uides in which slides the locking block; Fig. 6 shows in detail the recoil stop; Fig. 7 is an outside view of the pistol showing the application of the mechanism for arresting the breech block, and serving also as an ejector of the empty cases; Fig. 8 shows the stop for arresting the breech block and Fig. 9 is a section on the frame with the breech block closed, showing and line 00-00, Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a horizontal section showing the breech block open the stop 35 being in the position it assumes when it acts to arrest the breech block. Fig. 11 is a similar longitudinal section of the breech the stop 35 in the position it assumes when serving as an ejector.

As shown in Fig. 1, the body 1 of the pistol is provided at its upper part with a groove 2 in which slides the movable breech frame with its breech block 4.

The movable breech frame is provided at the front with the barrel 5, and has a cylin drical projection 6 located below the barrel 'rovided with a recess inthe interior of w ich is placed the coil spring 7 surrounding a spindle 8.

Above the lower cpenin gs for permitting the passage of the-cartridge coming from the magazine and above a lateral opening 3 (Fig. 7 serving for the expulsion of the cylindrical stems 11 each of which enters the spring and forms .a sto for the rec011 movement of the breech block 4, which for this purpose, is (provided with small lug's 4 enterln the sai holes through the slots 9 (Fig. 4 The arrest of the breechlblock in its recoil movement is further insured by the tooth 12, which, at the end of the movement of the breech block abuts against the transverse pin 13.

In an axial opening in the breech block is movably mounted the firing pin 14 which is provided at its front end with a point 15. A coil spring 16 surrounds the forward end of the pin 14, and bears, on the one hand, on a washer 16 movable on the stem of the firing pin and pushed against a'shoulder thereon, and on the other hand on a pin 17 passing through a slot 18 in the firing pin. The firlng pm 14 is provided at its rear end with a tooth 19 for the sear which tooth is adapted to move in a slot 20 in the breech block. In advance of the tooth 19 the breech block has a notch in which is normally arranged a block 21 located in a cavity in the movablebreech frame, and provided with lateral projections 22 entering the guides 23 provided 'in the lateral walls 2 of the groove 2 (Fig. 5). This block 21 serves to connect the breech block rigidly tooth and cotiperates with the tooth 19 of.

the firing pin.

' Forarresting the breech block 4 in its completely open position, for instance for the purpose of introducing a single cartridge, there is provided a blade spring 32 mounted-on the breech frame by means of the screw 33 and provided at its free end with a button 34 on the one face, and on the other face with the projection 35 (Fig. 9)

forming a stop for the end of the breech block. and serving at thesame time for ejecting the empty cases. This projection 35 has a notch which is engaged by the wall of the breech frame, when the spring 32 is in place. so that the said projection rests in the wall of the breech frame and is held in the groove in the breech block, thus acting as an ejector when the breech block has completed its recoil movement (Fig. 2). The projection 35 may be caused to enter the interior of the breech frame, when the breech block is open, if pressure is exertedv on the button 34. In this position the pro jection 35 acts as a stop for the breech block.

The magazine is constructed as usual of a box 36 in which is mounted the elevator 37 subjected to the action of a spring. For indicating when the magazine is empty, the elevator is provided with a projection 38 which, when the elevator reaches the under side of the breech chamber, holds the breech block in its open position. A lever 39 constitutes the arresting mechanism for the magazine.

The operatlon of the fire-arm is as follows :-Thebreech block 1 is grasped by its milled ends 4: and retracted (Fig. 7) and is secured in retracted positionby the application of pressure on the button 34 whereby the projection 35 is moved into engagement therewith, as shown in Fig. 10. The breech block thus remains open and a cartridge may be introduced through the lateral opening 3 in the breech frame (Fig. 7). The breech block is closed by retracting it further and then releasing it by grasping the button 34% and withdrawing the projection 35 from in front thereof; and the magazine charged with cartridges is introduced at the bottom of the butt. 'Ihe pistol is thus completely charged, while the firing pin remains uncocked, as above-mentioned, since the rearward movement of the breech block is without effect on the trigger mechanism.

To fire a shot, it sutfices to apply a pressure to the trigger-24, so as to cause the partial vibration of the member 28, with which the trigger is rigidly connected by means of the rod 26. The member 28" carries the tooth 30 which engages the tooth 19, solid with the firing pin, and on pulling the trigger retracts the firing pin compressing the coil spring 16, until, on account of the vibrating movement of the lever 28, the tooth 30 leaves the tooth 19 (Fig. 3), and the firing bolt is, under the action of the spring 16, brought quickly toward the right (Fig. 1), thus bringing the point 15 against the cap of the cartridge. The point 15 thereafter returns to the interior of the breech block, as the washer 16 strikes against a shoulder within the opening in the breech block, so that the spring is slightly compressed and immediately forces back the firing pin in wellknown manner. In this manner the firing operation commences immediately on the cooking of the firing pin, although normally the breech bolt is uncocked, so that it is possible without danger to keep in the barrel an additional cartridge and thus increase by one the number of shots contained in the magazine. This arrangement permits also of repeating the firing without altering the aim when a shot is not fired; it being sufiicient to renew the pressure on the trigger 24:, in the manner indicated; When released the trigger is restored to its initial position by the spring 25 while the sear 28 is brought into position by the spring 29, and the tooth 30, which is adapted to be lowered by cam action on the tooth 19, compressing .the spring 31, is brought in front of the tooth 19, and reassumes the position shown in Fig. 1, whichis also the position of safety, as the firing pin is prevented by the tooth 30 from advancing under the action of accidental shocks. When the shot is fired, the barrel recoils with the movable breech frame until this movement 'is stopped by the spring 7.

The recoil of the movable breech frame causes a backward movement of the breech block (which carries away the empty case) and of the locking block 21 which now descends, its lateral lugs 22'being guided in the inclined slots 23 in the walls 2 and thus unlocks the breech block from thebreech frame. When the block 21 is free of the slot of the breech block, the latter is free to pursue its recoil movement until it strikes'with its tooth 12 against the transverse pin 13,.

and with its lug 4 against the ends of the stems 11 of the plug 11 (Fig. 6). At the same time the empty case carried away by the breech blocks strikes on the projection 33 (Fig. 8) and is ejected. During the backward movement of the breech block 4:, the coil springs 10 housed in the holes 9 of the breech have been compressed so that the breech block is forced forward and causes the introduction into the barrel of the next cartridge which has been pushed into the breech chamber by the elevator 37. As will be readily understood, during this operation of automatically recharging the pistol, the trigger mechanism has not been operated, so that the firing-pin remains uncocked and will be cooked only at the moment of firing. As soon as the magazine is empty, the proj ection 38 of the elevator 37 enters the chamber of the breech and arrests the breech block in its open position, so that the magazine may be recharged. It is to be noted that the mounting of the lateral wall of the groove 2 is obtained by means of a transverse screw 40 which is operated by hand, and which, by reason of its transverse position relatively to the firearm, cannot become loose onaccount of shocks to which the firearm is submitted.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secureby Letters Patent is 1. In an automatic pistol, in combination, 5

drical stems entering the springs an a movable breech frame, havin two longitudinal cylindrical holes, a 'breec block slidable in said breech frame, recoil springs for the breech block housed in said oles, two lugs on the breech block adapted to enter the said holes, anda plug with two 0 lincooperating with the lugs to provldestops.

2. In an automatic pistol, in combination a movable breech framehavin two longitudinal cylindrical holes, a breec block slidable in the, said breech frame, recoil s rings for the breech block, two lugs on the breech block entering the said holes, a plug with two cylindrical stems entering the spr' and cooperating with the lugs of'the breech block to form stops, a transverse pin on the breech frame and a toothon the breech block abutting against said transverse pin.

3. In an automatic pistol, in combination,

a movable breech frame, a breech block slidable in said breech frame, said block having a longitudinal groove, a button carried externally ofsaid breech frame, and a projection'on said button adapted to enter said 'groove and to'bearon the inner wall of said breech frame,1 as and for the purpose set fOltlL. I

4; In an-automatie pistol, in combination, a movable breech frame, a breech block slidable in said breech frame, said block having a longitudinal groove, a spring mounted externally of saidbreech frame, a button carried by said spring, anda projection on said button adapted to enter said oove and to bear on the inner wall of said reech frame, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

,ALESSANDRO CUQGURULLO. Witnesses:

Jnnpnm-A. QUAY, CHARLES L. BOLQGNERI.

[L. s.] Y [L. s.] 

